The Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW or RAW) is the foreign intelligence agency of the Republic of India. The agency's primary function is gathering foreign intelligence, counter-terrorism, counter-proliferation, advising Indian policymakers, and advancing India's foreign strategic interests. It is also involved in the security of India's nuclear programme.

Headquartered in New Delhi, R&AW's current chief is Parag Jain. The head of R&AW is designated as the Secretary (Research) in the Cabinet Secretariat, and is under the authority of the Prime Minister of India without parliamentary oversight. Secretary reports to the National Security Advisor on a daily basis. In 1968, upon its formation, the union government led by the Indian National Congress (INC) adopted the motto Dharmō Rakṣati Rakṣitaḥ.

During the nine-year tenure of its first Secretary, Rameshwar Nath Kao, R&AW quickly came to prominence in the global intelligence community, playing a prominent role in major events such as the creation of Bangladesh in 1971 by providing vital support to the Mukti Bahini, accession of the state of Sikkim to India in 1975 and uncovering Pakistan's nuclear program in its early stages.

R&AW has been involved in various high profile operations, including Operation Cactus in Maldives, curbing the Khalistan movement and countering insurgency in Kashmir.